Apollo SL60 Guide de l'utilisateur

ApolloSL50 and SL60GPS Receiver andVHF CommunicationsTransceiverUser’s Guide560-0955-00 March 1997

Airspace Selections ·····················66Autonav Time ·························67Navigation Mode Programmable Pages andAutonav Pages················

Weather ChannelsThe standard weather channels are stored in thememory of the SL60. You cannot transmit on aweather channel frequency.1. Press ENT and

IntercomFunctionWhen two headphone and microphone jacks areconnected to the SL60, these headsets can be usedas a voice-activated intercom.When you sel

Introduction to GPS NavigationGPSOverviewThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is aconstellation of 24 satellites in six orbit lanes10,898 nautical mile

receives this data stream and processes theinformation to determine which satellites are“visible” to the receiver’s antenna. With thisdetermination ma

Start Up DisplaysThe Start Up Sequence runs each time the unit ispowered on. Until the Start Up Sequence iscompleted, no other editing or mode selecti

Software Memory TestThis is a checksum test of the code memory region.The following screen is displayed for the durationof this test.Software Test In

Non-Volatile RAM TestsThe non-volatile RAM validation code does thefollowing checks every time the unit is powered up.Any tests which detect a failure

Miscellaneous NVRAM Memory FailureAll other user input values which are held innon-volatile RAM are checked for validity,producing the following messa

Special UseAirspaceDisplaysThis display indicates whether Airspace Alerts havebeen selected.Airspace Alrts OFF: SEL to ResetDatabaseMessageThis page s

Notes

Small and Large Knobs ··················81Selecting Frequencies ·······················81Frequency Monitoring ······················82Recalling a Freq

Message FunctionMessage function is responsible for warning theuser of changing conditions which requireimmediate attention.When a new message exists,

NewMessagesThe New Message page shows how many newmessages are stored.1. Press MSG. Turn the Large knob to switchbetween Old and New messages.2. Turn

CloseThis condition occurs when the airspace is less than2 nm (or user-selected limit in System Mode, seepage 65).Within 2 nm SUNDANCEInsideThis condi

GPS Self Test FailureIf the GPS self-test fails, a message displaysindicating the cause of the failure in four hex digits.It becomes an old message af

GPS HDOP Position ErrorWhen the HDOP for the GPS sensor exceedscurrent flight phase HDOP requirements, a warningis generated. The current flight phase

To Waypoint SequenceWhen a waypoint sequence occurs and the user hasnot viewed the arrival alert, the following alert isprovided if you are traveling

Flight Plan Memory LossThis message indicates that one or more flight planshad a checksum error. This message is cleared afterthe message is viewed.Fl

Manual Magnetic VariationThis message indicates that magnetic variation is ona manual setting. This occurs when the database isnot valid, or when the

Flight SimulatorYour Apollo SL50/60 is provided with a FlightSimulation program that allows you to “fly” yourunit by simulating your ground speed. Thi

Starting theFlightSimulationThe following procedure is used to start the flightsimulation. It is recommended that you have a datacard properly inserte

IFR Output Tests ··························95Message Function ····························97New Messages ····························98Old Messages···

6. Press ENT to enter the displayed ground speedvalues and start the flight simulation.Simulation Ground Speed 140kts7. You will prompted to use or cl

Notes

TroubleshootingThis section contains information to troubleshootyour Apollo GPS Receiver when improperoperation is observed. The following table lists

Problem Possible Cause ActionUnit does notpower onOpen in powersupply circuitCheck circuitbreaker - reset ifnecessaryFaulty electricalwiring orconnect

Glossary of Navigation TermsA Altitude (GPS ALT): Altitude, as calculated by theApollo SL50/60, based upon a mathematical modelof the earth’s surface

Course Deviation: A measurement of distance leftor right from the desired course of travel.Course Deviation Indicator (CDI): A graphicindicator of cou

Drift: Displacement from the intended course oftravel.E Elevation: The angle of a GPS satellite above thehorizon.Emergency Search: The function that a

Ground (GRND): Ground communicationfrequencyGround Speed (GS): Speed of travel across theground. In aviation, the relation between groundspeed and air

magnetic lines concentrate. A magnetic compasspoints to the magnetic north.Magnetic Variation (Mag Var): The anglebetween the magnetic and true north.

NAVSTAR: The name given to GPS satellitesformed from the acronym for NAVigation Systemwith Time And Ranging.Non-Directional Beacon (NDB): A lowfrequen

User Database Memory Loss ············102Comm Radio Failure (SL60 only)·········102Flight Plan Memory Loss ···············103User Memory Failure ·····

Selective Availability (SA): The degradation ofaccuracy of GPS position fix data by the UnitedStates Department of Defense for civilian use.Space Vehi

Universal Transverse Mercator Map ProjectionSystem (UTM): Also known as Military GridCoordinates, the UTM grid consists of 60north-south/east-west zon

INDEXAAirspace95Buffers65Selections66Setup65Airspace 96Close99Inside99Soon98Altitude90Annunciators3Arriving at To wpt101Autonav18, 67BBar graph20Batte

Date and Time75DescriptionCross track distance21Desired track22Nav display19Nav terms18SL501SL602To-From switching21Waypoint11Desired track22Direct-To

Copy plan57Delete plan58Estimate ground speed57Estimated fuel flow57Pages47Reactivate56Rename56Rev activate56Reverse flight plan57Flight Simulation106

Message5, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101,102, 103, 104Minimum enroute safe altitude24Minimum safe altitude24Monitor3Multiple facilities40NNavigation17, 65Custom

Standby29Standby 293Start up displays91, 92, 93, 94,95, 96SymbolAirplane20System61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66,67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74,75, 76, 77, 78,

© 1997 by II Morrow Inc.2345 Turner Rd., S.E.Salem, OR 97302U.S.A.Phone 503.581.8101800.525.6726In Canada 800.654.3415FAX 503.364.2138http://www.iimor

IntroductionThis guide describes the operation of the ApolloSL50 GPS Receiver and the Apollo SL60 GPSReceiver and VHF Communication Transceiver.SL50 T

waypoints created by the user. Ten flight plans canbe saved with up to twenty legs for setting upcustom tailored routes. The detailed Navigationinform

The display is a 1-line by 32-character 5x7 dotmatrix alphanumeric display. A photocell is locatedin the top left corner of the front panel display. T

Controls Power/Volume/Squelch Knob(SL60)The knob on the left side of the SL60 controls poweron/off, volume, and squelch test. Rotate the knobclockwise

WPT (Waypoint) - SL50The Waypoint key allows access to the waypointdatabase. (SL60 accesses the database from withinthe System function - see page 39.

Apollo SL50/60 FeaturesSL50/60 GPS Navigation FeaturesSL50/60 GPS Receiver Performance Specifications

No part of this document may be reproduced in anyform or by any means without the express writtenconsent of II Morrow Inc.II Morrow and Apollo are tra

SL60 Comm Radio FeaturesSL60 Comm Radio PerformancePhysical SpecificationsInterfaces

Notes

Getting Started the First TimeThis section explains how to get started using yourApollo SL50/60. Information in this sectionexplains how to startup th

Entering aSeedPositionAfter the start up tests, you will always have thechoice of entering a Seed Position. The SeedPosition is a starting reference p

2. Turn the Large knob to each character of thewaypoint name. Change the character with theSmall knob.aSLE c SALEM OR USA3. Note that you can change t

4. After entering the Seed Position, you will beprompted next to clear the active flight plan.Choose Yes or No with the Small knob. PressENT to now co

CheckingGPS SignalStrengthThe unit shows the GPS signal strength screen inthe GPS Sensor function. Make it a habit to checkthis screen to make sure th

NoteThe GPS antenna must be able to “see”each satellite it is tracking. If a satellite is“shaded” by the wing or fuselage during aturn, it may tempora

Using the Direct-To Function1. Press the Direct-To key. Change the waypointtype by moving to the character to the left of thewaypoint name with the La

6. Press SEL again to select the entire city name.aPDX +c PORTLAND OR USA7. Turn the Small knob to view each airport withthe current city name. The ci

Welcome ...Welcome to a new era of aviation navigationcommunication. Once again, II Morrow Inc. has setnew standards in features and ease of use for t

Navigation BasicsThis section explores the navigation function anddescribes the powerful features it contains. Whenyou become comfortable operating th

Turn the Small knob to view the other availableNavigation displays.Autonav The Autonav feature lets you select certain Navdisplay choices and have the

Nav PagesNav Display ChoicesEstimated Time Enroute (Ete)ETE is to the current TO (destination) waypointfrom your present position based on the current

Range (Rge)The distance from your present position to the TOwaypoint. Units can be set as either nautical milesor kilometers in the Nav Info section o

nm full scale per side. The airplane symbol is alsoused as a To-From indicator. When the airplane isfacing up, you are on the “To” side of thedestinat

Desired Track (Dtk)Desired Track is the course angle between theFROM and TO waypoints referenced to themagnetic variation at the current FROM waypoint

Track (Trk) AngleTrack Angle is the angle of your actual direction oftravel. Track is shown from 0 to 359 degrees in onedegree increments. Track is co

Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA)The elevation of the highest obstruction near theaircraft plus a 1,000 or 2,000 foot buffer added forsafety. In non-mountai

Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)The first ETA is to the current TO waypoint at thecurrent Ground Speed from the present position.The second ETA uses th

miles of your present position. The Bearing andDistance to the displayed waypoint is shown onthe right side of the display. Press ENT to set thedispla

History of RevisionsMarch 1997 Original ReleaseApril 1997 Rev -01Ordering InformationTo receive additional copies of the Apollo SL50/60manuals order t

5. Turn the Small knob to view the nearest 20waypoints.Setting Runway LimitsNarrow the type of airports that you will accept bychoosing the runway len

Special UseAirspaceWhen searching around your present position, thefirst ten airspaces within 100 miles are displayed. Ifyou are using the Simulator,

The Nearest Airspace list is updated periodically asyour aircraft moves and the following display willappear.Re-Organizing Airspaces...ParallelTrack O

4. Turn the Large knob to the distance field. Turnthe Small knob to select the offset distance.PTK Offset LEFT 2.5nm In Use5. After making your choice

3. Turn the Large knob to move between the timevalue fields.Countdown Timer 00:05:004. Turn the Small knob to edit the hours, minutes,or seconds value

From/To/-NextWaypointThe From/To/Next Waypoint page allows you tocreate a three waypoint mini-flightplan while withinthe Nav function. These waypoints

3. Turn the Large knob ccw one position to thewaypoint type. Choose Airport (a), VOR (v),NDB (n), Intersection (i), or User-defined (u)with the Small

To Waypoint1. Press SEL and move to the To waypoint with theLarge knob.aEUG to Ins? next _____2. The insert (Ins?) choice will flash. Press ENTand the

Editing1. While in the Navigation function, turn the Largeknob to view the From/To/Next page.2. Press SEL to start editing.3. Turn the Large knob to s

UsingDirect-ToPressing the Direct-To key sets the From locationas your present position. When using the Direct-Tofunction, the From waypoint identifie

TABLE OF CONTENTSWelcome ... ······································iHistory of Revisions ······························iiOrdering Information·········

Waypoint FunctionsWaypointInformationThe Apollo SL50/60 provides an extensive built-indatabase of waypoint information to aid thenavigator. Waypoints

VOR Waypoint Information•Identifier•Name•Radial and distance from the VOR•Bearing and distance from present position•Operating frequency•Lat/Lon coord

GettingInformationabout aWaypointYou can access the Waypoint database by eitherlooking directly or by using a feature that drawsinformation from the d

5. You can also select the waypoint by the facilityname. As you turn the Large knob to the “c”, a“+” may appear.aPDX +c PORTLAND OR USAMultiple facili

2. The SL50/60 will provide a series of displaysshowing your progress during the update process.Follow the directions in the Waypoint Managerdocumenta

Create UserWaypoint byLat/LonThe Apollo SL50/60 allows you to create up to 200of your own waypoints to the waypoint database.You can create a waypoint

5. Runway Length is not shown on the first page ofthe waypoint. Turn the Large knob cw past thelast Lat/Lon value or ccw before the firstcharacter of

Create UserWaypoint byRadial/-Distance1. In the SL50, press the WPT key. In the SL60,press the SYS key, turn the Large knob to viewthe “Waypoint Datab

6. Press ENT when you have finished entering thewaypoint information. You will be prompted tocreate a name for the waypoint.#000 USER 44010.96N 121043

Modify UserWaypoint1. In the SL50, press the WPT key. In the SL60, pressthe SYS key, turn the Large knob to view the“Waypoint Database” page, and then

SEL (Select) ···························5ENT (Enter)····························5Apollo SL50/60 Features ·······················6Getting Started the F

Flight Plan FunctionsFlight plans are specific routes between waypointsyou may store in the Apollo SL50/60’s memory.This information is used to calcul

Active Flight PlanThe first plan in the Flight Plan function is theActive plan and is noted by the name *Active* withasterisks. This name cannot be ch

3. Turn the Small knob to select the first flight planname character.R_______ Enter a New Plan Name4. Turn the Large knob clockwise one click tomove t

9. The Ins? Prompt will flash in the To waypointposition. Press ENT.1 aEUG N Ins? 0000 0.0nm10. Repeat steps 7-9 for the remaining waypoints inyour fl

ETAEstimated Time of Arrival is for the displayed Towaypoint. It is available only in the Active flightplan and requires an actual ground speed of mor

ETE?ETE? is the same as ETE, except the EstimatedGround Speed is used for the calculation.1 ** aEUG N aSLE ETE? 00:24Fuel?Fuel? shows the amount of fu

Direct-ToIf the leg page displayed is the currently active legof the Active flight plan, and a Direct-To waypointhas been entered, the From waypoint w

active leg number will be reduced (i.e. from leg 7 toleg 6).Changing Existing Flight Plan Legs1. In the Flight Plan function, turn the Large knobto a

3. If another option was last used, turn the Smallknob to choose Ins?.3* a6S4 N Ins? 0500 162nm5. Press ENT. Use the Large and Small knobs toselect th

Flight PlanOptionsIn the Flight Plan function you may make changesto the active flight plan.1. In the Flight Plan function turn the Large knobto the a

Setting Runway Limits ··················27Special Use Airspace ·······················28Parallel Track Offset ·······················29GPS Position ··

Copy PlanPressing ENT when the “Copy Plan” option isdisplayed allows you to copy any existing plan intothe current plan, overwriting all of the curren

The estimated fuel flow can be selected from 0000to 9999 units per hour. The units may be set in theSystem function (see page 71). Pressing ENT savest

3. Press ENT to place the active flight plan on hold.Waypoint sequencing will be inhibited. Waypointsequencing remains inhibited until it is reenabled

If no plan comment has been entered, press SEL tocreate one.1. While viewing the desired flight plan, pressINFO.2. Turn the Large knob to choose the C

System FunctionsPressing the SYS key allows you to access theSystem functions. After pressing the SYS key, turnthe Large knob to view the available fu

4. Turn the Small knob to select the first character.aSAA c SARATOGA WY USA5. Turn the Large knob clockwise one click tomove to the next character pos

3. Turn the Large knob to view the available pages.Software Version1. Press SYS and then turn the Large knob to reachthe Com Radio Information page. P

1. In the Com Radio Information function, turn theLarge knob to the Intercom Squelch Level page.Intercom Squelch: 1872. Turn the Small knob to adjust

NavigationInformationThe Navigation Information function allows tomake adjustments on the way information is shownin the Navigation function. The page

1. While viewing the Airspace Buffer page, pressSEL.Airspc Buffers: 2nm 10min2. Turn the Large knob to select the desired value tochange. Turn the Sma

Waypoint Comments ·······················46Flight Plan Functions ·························47Flight Plan Pages ··························47Reaching the

4. Press ENT after selecting ON or OFF for eachAirspace type. Turn the Small knob to view theother Airspace pages.Autonav TimeAutonav Time is the dela

2. Turn the Large knob to reach Nav Mode DisplayPages.Nav Mode Display Pages Y3. Turn the Small knob cw to view the second (firsteditable) Nav page.A

10. Turn the Small knob to view another Nav pageand repeat steps 4-9.Selecting Autonav Pages1. While you are viewing a Nav page informationpage, press

3. Turn the Small knob to select the desired Navinformation to be displayed in that field.100kts4. Turn the Large knob to move to the next field.100kt

Setting UnitsNav displays that show distance may be selected toshow either nautical miles or kilometers.1. Press SYS. Turn the Large knob to Nav Info

3. Turn the Small knob to select Auto or ManualMagnetic Variation and then press ENT.Mag Variation: Manual 180E4. If you selected Manual Magnetic Vari

3. Turn the Small knob to select the speed value,“At Power On,” or “OFF” and then press ENT.Direct-To Entry OptionsWhen you use Direct-To, the Active

Direct-To Entry Option setting when it is poweredup.1. Press the SYS key. Turn the Large knob to reachthe Direct-To page and then press SEL.Direct-To

4. Turn the Small knob to select the distance valueand then press ENT.CDI Scaling: Manual ##### 1.00nmSystemInformationThe System Information area pro

7. Turn the Large knob to move to the Time-Hoursvalue. Turn the Small knob to choose the hours.15 JUN 97 20:24 UTC8. Turn the Large knob to move to th

Rename ······························56Copy Plan ····························57Estimate Ground Speed··················57Clear Waypoints ··············

4. Turn the Small knob cw one click to view theGPS Software Version page.GPS Sensor SW: x.x PN:1234567895. Turn the Small knob cw one click to view th

1. In the System function, turn the Large knob toreach the Owner Information page.Owner: WILBUR WRIGHT Y2. Turn the Small knob to view the OwnerInform

7. Select the characters with the Small knob andmove to the next character to the right by turningthe Large knob cw. Press ENT to save theinformation.

4. Turn the Small knob again to view the GPSSatellite Status, Elevation, SNR, and Azimuthpage. Turn the Small knob to view informationabout each avail

Comm Radio OperationThis section introduces the basic operating detailsof the VHF Communications Transceiver portion ofthe Apollo SL60.PowerOn/OffTurn

2. Turn the Small knob to change the values in25 kHz increments. The kHz selection range isbetween 000 and 975 kHz in 25 kHz steps. Notethat only two

Recalling aFrequencyThe SL60 can access several areas of storedfrequencies. The SL60 can access airportfrequencies from its database of: TO, FROM,INFO

2. Turn the Large knob to select the frequencytype. Turn the Small knob to display theavailable frequencies. The waypoint identifier,type, and frequen

Auto Stored Frequencies (Auto)The SL60 keeps track of the last ten Activefrequencies and stores them in a stack. When a newfrequency is used, it becom

User Stored FrequenciesWhen you press the ENT key the Standbyfrequency is stored in User memory. The SL60stores the last ten frequencies selected by t